{"id":83568,"date":"2026-09-17T14:08:58","date_gmt":"2026-09-17T12:08:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/pfas-nos-alimentos-limites-exposicao-e-controlo-analitico\/"},"modified":"2026-09-17T14:08:58","modified_gmt":"2026-09-17T12:08:58","slug":"pfas-nos-alimentos-limites-exposicao-e-controlo-analitico","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/pt\/ainia-news\/pfas-nos-alimentos-limites-exposicao-e-controlo-analitico\/","title":{"rendered":"PFAS nos alimentos: limites, exposi\u00e7\u00e3o e controlo anal\u00edtico"},"content":{"rendered":"

A persist\u00eancia das subst\u00e2ncias perfluoroalquiladas e polifluoroalquiladas (PFAS) favorece a sua dispers\u00e3o no meio ambiente e a sua incorpora\u00e7\u00e3o na cadeia alimentar. Para as empresas, o desafio consiste em identificar os alimentos afetados, interpretar os resultados e estabelecer controlos proporcionais ao risco. <\/span> <\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Em que alimentos podem estar presentes os PFAS<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/h2>\n

Os PFAS podem chegar aos alimentos atrav\u00e9s da \u00e1gua e dos solos contaminados, das culturas e dos alimentos para animais. Tamb\u00e9m podem acumular-se em peixes, crust\u00e1ceos, moluscos e outros organismos, pelo que a sua concentra\u00e7\u00e3o varia consoante o ambiente e a esp\u00e9cie. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

A Recomenda\u00e7\u00e3o (UE) 2026\/1307 prev\u00ea a monitoriza\u00e7\u00e3o de PFAS nos alimentos para animais durante 2026, 2027 e 2028 e, perante concentra\u00e7\u00f5es elevadas, contempla a investiga\u00e7\u00e3o da sua origem atrav\u00e9s da an\u00e1lise do solo e da \u00e1gua consumida pelos animais.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

A regulamenta\u00e7\u00e3o europeia presta especial aten\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 carne, \u00e0s miudezas, ao peixe, aos crust\u00e1ceos, aos moluscos bivalves e aos ovos. A proveni\u00eancia das mat\u00e9rias-primas, a \u00e1gua utilizada e a informa\u00e7\u00e3o dos fornecedores s\u00e3o fatores relevantes para avaliar a sua <\/span>presen\u00e7a na cadeia alimentar.<\/a><\/p>\n

Limites de PFAS aplic\u00e1veis aos alimentos<\/span><\/b> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span><\/h2>\n

No \u00e2mbito da<\/span> regulamenta\u00e7\u00e3o europeia sobre PFAS<\/a>, o Regulamento (UE) 2023\/915 estabelece teores m\u00e1ximos para PFOS, PFOA, PFNA e PFHxS, tanto individualmente como para a soma dos quatro. Os valores s\u00e3o expressos em peso fresco e variam consoante o alimento.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Categoria de alimento<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/td>\nLimite m\u00e1ximo para a soma dos quatro PFAS<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Carne de bovino, su\u00edno e aves de capoeira<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n1,3 \u00b5g\/kg<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Carne de ovino<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n1,6 \u00b5g\/kg<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Miudezas de bovinos, ovinos, su\u00ednos e aves de capoeira<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n8,0 \u00b5g\/kg<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Carne de ca\u00e7a, exceto urso<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n9,0 \u00b5g\/kg<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Miudezas de ca\u00e7a, exceto urso<\/td>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

50 \u00b5g\/kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Peixe<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n2,0, 8,0 ou 45 \u00b5g\/kg, consoante a esp\u00e9cie e a sua utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Crust\u00e1ceos e moluscos bivalves<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n5,0 \u00b5g\/kg<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ovos<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n1,7 \u00b5g\/kg<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Estes valores n\u00e3o substituem os limites individuais. Para calcular a soma aplica-se o crit\u00e9rio de concentra\u00e7\u00e3o inferior, considerando como zero os resultados abaixo do limite de quantifica\u00e7\u00e3o. Se um alimento ultrapassar um teor m\u00e1ximo, n\u00e3o pode ser comercializado nem utilizado como ingrediente. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

A Recomenda\u00e7\u00e3o (UE) 2022\/1431 impulsionou, entre 2022 e 2025, a monitoriza\u00e7\u00e3o de PFAS numa ampla variedade de alimentos e estabeleceu n\u00edveis indicativos para frutas, produtos hort\u00edcolas, ra\u00edzes e tub\u00e9rculos amil\u00e1ceos, cogumelos silvestres, leite e alimentos infantis. <\/span> A ultrapassagem destes n\u00edveis n\u00e3o implica automaticamente um incumprimento, mas devem ser investigadas as causas da contamina\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Exposi\u00e7\u00e3o a PFAS atrav\u00e9s da alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/h2>\n

A exposi\u00e7\u00e3o depende da concentra\u00e7\u00e3o presente, da quantidade ingerida e da frequ\u00eancia de consumo. A Autoridade Europeia para a Seguran\u00e7a dos Alimentos (EFSA) identifica o peixe e os ovos entre os alimentos que mais contribuem para a exposi\u00e7\u00e3o aos quatro PFAS avaliados, embora a sua contribui\u00e7\u00e3o varie consoante o composto e os h\u00e1bitos alimentares. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

A EFSA estabeleceu uma ingest\u00e3o semanal toler\u00e1vel conjunta de<\/span> 4,4 nanogramas por quilograma de peso corporal<\/span><\/b> para PFOS, PFOA, PFNA e PFHxS, tomando como efeito cr\u00edtico a diminui\u00e7\u00e3o da resposta de anticorpos ap\u00f3s a vacina\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

O teor m\u00e1ximo determina se um alimento regulamentado cumpre os requisitos para a sua comercializa\u00e7\u00e3o, enquanto a ingest\u00e3o toler\u00e1vel permite avaliar a exposi\u00e7\u00e3o acumulada atrav\u00e9s da dieta. Por isso, detetar PFAS n\u00e3o \u00e9 suficiente para determinar o risco: o resultado deve ser interpretado de acordo com o composto, a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o e o padr\u00e3o de consumo. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Como realizar o controlo anal\u00edtico de PFAS nos alimentos<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/h2>\n

O controlo deve partir de uma avalia\u00e7\u00e3o do risco para priorizar produtos, mat\u00e9rias-primas, origens e fornecedores. A partir desta avalia\u00e7\u00e3o, define-se que PFAS analisar, em que matrizes e com que frequ\u00eancia, tendo em conta os limites legais e os antecedentes dispon\u00edveis. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

O Regulamento de Execu\u00e7\u00e3o (UE) 2022\/1428 exige amostras representativas e materiais de colheita, armazenamento e transporte isentos de PFAS. Deve evitar-se o contacto com PTFE, PVDF e outros fluoropol\u00edmeros que possam contaminar a amostra. Os m\u00e9todos anal\u00edticos devem dispor de limites de quantifica\u00e7\u00e3o iguais ou inferiores aos aos teores m\u00e1ximos individuais aplic\u00e1veis. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Os resultados devem ser interpretados juntamente com a rastreabilidade e a informa\u00e7\u00e3o dos fornecedores. Perante uma ultrapassagem, ser\u00e1 necess\u00e1rio delimitar os lotes afetados, investigar a fonte e rever as medidas de preven\u00e7\u00e3o e controlo. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Como a AINIA pode ajudar<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/h2>\n

Na AINIA ajudamos as empresas a definir controlos de PFAS adaptados aos seus alimentos, mat\u00e9rias-primas, fornecedores e mercados. O nosso servi\u00e7o de<\/span> conce\u00e7\u00e3o e execu\u00e7\u00e3o de planos de controlo anal\u00edtico<\/a><\/span> permite selecionar as matrizes e os par\u00e2metros relevantes, estabelecer a amostragem, interpretar os resultados e avaliar a conformidade regulamentar.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A persist\u00eancia das subst\u00e2ncias perfluoroalquiladas e polifluoroalquiladas (PFAS) favorece a sua dispers\u00e3o no meio ambiente e a sua incorpora\u00e7\u00e3o na cadeia alimentar. Para as empresas, o desafio consiste em identificar os alimentos afetados, interpretar os resultados e estabelecer controlos proporcionais ao risco. Em que alimentos podem estar presentes os PFAS Os PFAS podem chegar aos […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":454,"featured_media":83567,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[81,108],"tags":[505,514,513,504,323],"tipo-documento":[],"class_list":["post-83568","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ainia-news","category-legislacao","tag-contaminantes-alimentares","tag-controlo-analitico","tag-pfas-nos-alimentos","tag-regulamentacao-alimentar","tag-seguranca-alimentar"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPFAS nos alimentos: limites, exposi\u00e7\u00e3o e controlo anal\u00edtico<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Descobre os limites de PFAS nos alimentos, como avaliar a exposi\u00e7\u00e3o e o que exige o controlo anal\u00edtico segundo a regulamenta\u00e7\u00e3o europeia.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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