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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=\u201d\u201d]La bioimpression cellulaire 3D est une technologie de pointe pour cr\u00e9er des tissus vivants tels que des vaisseaux sanguins, des os, du cartilage ou de la peau<\/strong>. Elle repose sur la technologie de fabrication additive de l\u2019impression 3D. En d\u2019autres termes, les structures cellulaires tridimensionnelles sont g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es en ajoutant couche apr\u00e8s couche de mat\u00e9riau sans avoir besoin de moule. Le mat\u00e9riau ajout\u00e9 couche par couche est appel\u00e9 \u201cbioencre\u201d. Son application s\u2019est \u00e9tendue \u00e0 des secteurs tels que les produits pharmaceutiques, les dermocosm\u00e9tiques et l\u2019alimentation. Vous aimeriez en savoir plus ?<\/p>\n

La bioencre<\/strong> est le mat\u00e9riau fluide charg\u00e9 dans les injecteurs de la bioimprimante, permettant d\u2019imiter l\u2019architecture du tissu cellulaire cible. Ses principaux composants incluent :<\/p>\n

\n
Des cellules vivantes<\/strong> repr\u00e9sentatives du tissu \u00e0 imprimer, provenant soit d\u2019un seul type cellulaire, soit de plusieurs types<\/li>\n
Des biomat\u00e9riaux<\/strong> pour g\u00e9n\u00e9rer des structures ou des \u00e9chafaudages, tels que le collag\u00e8ne, la g\u00e9latine ou des hydrogels \u00e0 base d\u2019acide hyaluronique ou de poly\u00e9thyl\u00e8ne glycol, ainsi que des composants pour le maintien des cellules<\/li>\n
D\u2019autres compos\u00e9s ou mol\u00e9cules<\/strong> permettant la solidification ou la r\u00e9ticulation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u00c9tant donn\u00e9 qu\u2019il est compliqu\u00e9 pour un seul mat\u00e9riau de poss\u00e9der toutes les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s n\u00e9cessaires pour atteindre les caract\u00e9ristiques requises (propri\u00e9t\u00e9s rh\u00e9ologiques et m\u00e9caniques, imprimabilit\u00e9, biocompatibilit\u00e9 cellulaire), l\u2019une des tendances est d\u2019utiliser des bioencres multi-composants. Ainsi, les mat\u00e9riaux sont souvent des combinaisons de plusieurs substances pour obtenir les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s m\u00e9caniques souhait\u00e9es et faciliter la capacit\u00e9 d\u2019impression.<\/p>\n
Les quatre grandes \u00e9tapes de la bioimpression<\/h2>\n
La cr\u00e9ation de structures cellulaires 3D par bioimpression<\/strong> peut \u00eatre divis\u00e9e en quatre grandes \u00e9tapes<\/strong> :<\/p>\n
\n
Conception de la structure (s\u00e9lection des cellules, mat\u00e9riaux pour la g\u00e9n\u00e9ration de la bioencre)<\/li>\n
Processus de bioimpression<\/li>\n
Cultivation post-bioimpression de la structure cellulaire (fonctionnalisation et\/ou plaque de support de croissance, bior\u00e9acteur, etc.)<\/li>\n
\u00c9valuation de la structure (v\u00e9rification de la viabilit\u00e9, de la structure et de la fonctionnalit\u00e9)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Trois types de technologies pour la bioimpression<\/h2>\n
Le processus de bioimpression cellulaire<\/strong> en tant que tel, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire la fa\u00e7on dont les structures sont cr\u00e9\u00e9es par la d\u00e9position de la bioencre sur le support, peut \u00eatre class\u00e9 en trois types de technologies sur lesquelles reposent les diff\u00e9rentes bioimprimantes disponibles sur le march\u00e9 :<\/p>\n
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Bioimpression par extrusion, o\u00f9 la bioencre est extrud\u00e9e \u00e0 travers des injecteurs formant un filament continu ;<\/li>\n
Bioimpression goutte-\u00e0-la-demande, dans laquelle la bioencre est d\u00e9pos\u00e9e par une \u201cgoutte discr\u00e8te\u201d qui s\u2019empile pour cr\u00e9er la structure. Il existe \u00e9galement diff\u00e9rentes mani\u00e8res de cr\u00e9er la goutte (processus thermiques, pi\u00e9zo\u00e9lectriques et assist\u00e9s par laser).<\/li>\n
Bioimpression bas\u00e9e sur la photopolym\u00e9risation, qui repose sur la sensibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re de certains polym\u00e8res pour leur solidification par la lumi\u00e8re. $\"\"$ <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
La bioimpression cellulaire a \u00e9t\u00e9 initialement con\u00e7ue comme une alternative \u00e0 la demande continue de greffes d\u2019organes. Elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9montr\u00e9e pour la premi\u00e8re fois par le Dr. Klebe dans les ann\u00e9es 1980, par la micro-addition de cellules en couches en utilisant une imprimante conventionnelle Hewlett-Packard (HP). Cependant, les avanc\u00e9es technologiques qui facilitent et augmentent la viabilit\u00e9 cellulaire apr\u00e8s leur passage dans les injecteurs, entre autres facteurs, ont permis d\u2019intensifier les recherches sur son applicabilit\u00e9 depuis l\u2019an 2000. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la capacit\u00e9 de manipulation spatio-temporelle de diverses cellules, la bioimpression<\/strong> est devenue l\u2019un des syst\u00e8mes qui recr\u00e9e le mieux le microenvironnement cellulaire<\/strong> des tissus, imitant ainsi le comportement cellulaire \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle du laboratoire. La bioimpression 3D d\u2019organes est complexe, et la technologie doit encore \u00e9voluer.<\/p>\n
Application de la bioimpression 3D dans les secteurs pharmaceutique, dermocosm\u00e9tique et alimentaire<\/h2>\n
L\u2019application de la bioimpression 3D s\u2019est \u00e9tendue \u00e0 divers domaines au-del\u00e0 de la m\u00e9decine r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rative<\/strong> pour la reconstruction des tissus (par exemple, corn\u00e9es, os ou cartilages), tels que :<\/p>\n
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Dans le secteur pharmaceutique<\/strong>, pour \u00e9tudier le m\u00e9canisme d\u2019action de certaines pathologies et identifier de nouveaux m\u00e9dicaments, tels que des agents antitumoraux.<\/li>\n
Dans le secteur dermocosm\u00e9tique<\/strong>, pour cr\u00e9er de la peau et \u00e9tudier les effets de compos\u00e9s ou formules sp\u00e9cifiques.<\/li>\n
n outre, un autre secteur avec des applications potentielles est l\u2019industrie alimentaire<\/strong>, qui convient au d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019ingr\u00e9dients et de produits avec des effets fonctionnels. Cette technologie permet de cr\u00e9er des mod\u00e8les in vitro plus pr\u00e9cis des fonctions physiologiques d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat, ainsi que de fabriquer de la viande in vitro, l\u2019une des alternatives technologiques les plus importantes pour un approvisionnement durable en prot\u00e9ines. La bioimpression 3D permet la cr\u00e9ation de structures sur lesquelles les cellules du tissu musculaire sont d\u00e9pos\u00e9es pour une culture ult\u00e9rieure dans un bior\u00e9acteur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
L\u2019un des principaux d\u00e9fis futurs de la bioimpression 3D est la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019organes pour les transplantations. Bien que la reproduction d\u2019une structure cellulaire aussi complexe ait \u00e9t\u00e9 son objectif initial, cela reste une t\u00e2che ardue. Cependant, des progr\u00e8s sont en cours. Il convient de noter qu\u2019il est d\u00e9j\u00e0 question de bioimpression 4D, o\u00f9 les cellules utilis\u00e9es pour cr\u00e9er les tissus sont des cellules de donneurs. Par cons\u00e9quent, il est pr\u00e9vu que cette technologie devienne cl\u00e9 pour la biom\u00e9decine personnalis\u00e9e.<\/p>\n
Sur la base de ce qui pr\u00e9c\u00e8de, nous consid\u00e9rons la bioimpression cellulaire comme une technologie r\u00e9volutionnaire d\u2019ing\u00e9nierie tissulaire qui rapproche de plus en plus le \u201cin vitro\u201d du \u201cin vivo\u201d.<\/strong><\/p>\n
TECNOMIFOOD : D\u00e9veloppement de mod\u00e8les cellulaires par bioimpression 3D<\/h2>\n
AINIA, dans le cadre du projet TECNOMIFOOD, travaille au d\u00e9veloppement de mod\u00e8les cellulaires par bioimpression 3D. De plus, l\u2019utilisation de son propre syst\u00e8me int\u00e9gr\u00e9, qui comprend le Digesteur Dynamique d\u2019AINIA pour la fermentation colique et les mod\u00e8les cellulaires 3D<\/strong>, permet de recr\u00e9er l\u2019ensemble du processus d\u2019ingestion de produits : digestion gastro-intestinale, bioaccessibilit\u00e9 et biodisponibilit\u00e9 des compos\u00e9s, imitant l\u2019interaction avec le microbiote intestinal ainsi que l\u2019effet biologique sur le tissu cible. Combin\u00e9 aux technologies omiques pour surveiller les r\u00e9ponses biologiques (prot\u00e9omique, m\u00e9tag\u00e9nomique et transcriptomique cibl\u00e9e), cela constitue un mod\u00e8le pr\u00e9clinique in vitro polyvalent, robuste et pr\u00e9cis pour identifier, s\u00e9lectionner et \u00e9valuer des ingr\u00e9dients bioactifs et des produits fonctionnels.<\/p>\n
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Le R\u00e9seau TecnomiFood<\/strong> est un r\u00e9seau form\u00e9 par cinq centres technologiques (AINIA, ANFACO, AZTI, CNTA, LEITAT), qui vise \u00e0 int\u00e9grer les technologies omiques pour faciliter l\u2019acc\u00e8s des entreprises \u00e0 ces technologies et optimiser leur utilisation \u00e0 toutes les \u00e9tapes de la cha\u00eene de valeur dans la conception et l\u2019\u00e9valuation d\u2019ingr\u00e9dients, de nutraceutiques et d\u2019aliments fonctionnels.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
$\"REDTECNO\"$ <\/em><\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div><\/body><\/html>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=\u201d\u201d]La bioimpression cellulaire 3D est une technologie de pointe pour cr\u00e9er des tissus vivants tels que des vaisseaux sanguins, des os, du cartilage ou de la peau. Elle repose sur la technologie de fabrication additive de l\u2019impression 3D. En d\u2019autres termes, les structures cellulaires tridimensionnelles sont g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es en ajoutant couche apr\u00e8s couche de mat\u00e9riau […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":236,"featured_media":174415,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1976],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-174410","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-innovation-technologique"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nBioimpression cellulaire 3D, science-fiction ou r\u00e9alit\u00e9 ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Applications de la bioimpression 3D, une technologie qui permet la g\u00e9n\u00e9ration de structures cellulaires tridimensionnelles. 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Mi especialidad se centra en el desarrollo de modelos avanzados que simulan el tracto gastrointestinal y la fermentaci\u00f3n col\u00f3nica, as\u00ed como \u00f3rganos diana mediante t\u00e9cnicas como cultivo celular, bioimpresi\u00f3n 3D y \u00f3rganos-on-chip. Doctora en Bioqu\u00edmica y Biolog\u00eda Molecular por la Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, combino una s\u00f3lida formaci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica con experiencia en gesti\u00f3n y transferencia tecnol\u00f3gica. Colaboro con empresas de los sectores alimentario, cosm\u00e9tico y nutrac\u00e9utico para impulsar soluciones innovadoras basadas en evidencia cient\u00edfica. He participado en proyectos nacionales e internacionales como PHARMANOVA, MEAT4FUTURE y PATHWAY-27, y soy miembro activo de redes como INFOGEST, INFOGUT y Food4Life. Adem\u00e1s, imparto formaci\u00f3n especializada en congresos y jornadas sectoriales, contribuyendo a la divulgaci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica y al avance de la investigaci\u00f3n aplicada.","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/contactar-lidia-tomas\/","=https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/public-profile\/settings?lipi=urnlipaged_flagship3_profile_self_edit_contact-infoSUVPYk6QOSvsEj2ZXWSXQ"],"url":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/fr\/ainia-news\/author\/lidia-tomas-cobos\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/174410","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/236"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=174410"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/174410\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":174419,"href":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/174410\/revisions\/174419"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/174415"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=174410"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=174410"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=174410"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}