{"id":83227,"date":"2026-09-16T08:18:33","date_gmt":"2026-09-16T06:18:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/what-are-pfas-presence-in-the-food-chain-risks-and-european-regulations\/"},"modified":"2026-09-16T08:18:33","modified_gmt":"2026-09-16T06:18:33","slug":"what-are-pfas-presence-in-the-food-chain-risks-and-european-regulations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/en\/ainia-news\/what-are-pfas-presence-in-the-food-chain-risks-and-european-regulations\/","title":{"rendered":"What are PFAS: presence in the food chain, risks and European regulations"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, known as PFAS, form a broad family of synthetic compounds used in industrial applications and consumer products. Their persistence and dispersion in the environment have made their presence in water and food a relevant issue for authorities and companies in the food chain. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"134233117\":false,\"134233118\":false,\"335559738\":240,\"335559739\":240}\"> <\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">What are PFAS and why are they a concern<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\"> <\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">PFAS contain highly stable bonds between carbon and fluorine. This characteristic gives them resistance to water, fats, heat and certain chemical agents, which is why they are used in non-stick coatings, textiles, firefighting foams and some packaging materials. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"134233117\":false,\"134233118\":false,\"335559738\":240,\"335559739\":240}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">That same stability makes them difficult to degrade. Some PFAS can remain for long periods in water, soil and organisms, move through the environment and accumulate over time. Not all of them have the same behaviour or toxicological profile, but their persistence justifies strengthened monitoring.  <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"134233117\":false,\"134233118\":false,\"335559738\":240,\"335559739\":240}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">How PFAS enter the food chain<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\"> <\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">PFAS can be released during their manufacture and use through industrial emissions, wastewater, firefighting foams or waste management. Once in the environment, they can reach surface water and groundwater, soils and ecosystems. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"134233117\":false,\"134233118\":false,\"335559738\":240,\"335559739\":240}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">From these sources, PFAS can enter the food chain<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">through water used in production, contamination of crops and raw materials, or the food and water consumed by animals. They can also accumulate in aquatic and terrestrial organisms and be transferred to food.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"134233117\":false,\"134233118\":false,\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":1,\"335551620\":1,\"335559685\":0,\"335559737\":0,\"335559738\":240,\"335559739\":240,\"335559740\":279}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Production processes and the materials used to protect and market products must also form part of the assessment. In some cases, coatings, treatments or components may be a source of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/ainia-news\/pfas-en-envases-alimentarios-y-ppwr-limites-analisis-y-alternativas\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PFAS in packaging and food contact materials.<\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Identifying the source requires consideration of the environment, raw materials, water, processes and packaging.<\/span> <\/p>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Exposure and risks associated with PFAS<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\"> <\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Food and drinking water are relevant routes of exposure to PFAS. Due to their persistence, some of these compounds can remain in the body for long periods, which is why concern is focused particularly on continued exposure. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"134233117\":false,\"134233118\":false,\"335559738\":240,\"335559739\":240}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The detection of PFAS in a food does not in itself imply an immediate risk. The risk depends on the type of PFAS, the concentration present, the frequency of consumption and cumulative exposure.  <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"134233117\":false,\"134233118\":false,\"335559738\":240,\"335559739\":240}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">considers that certain PFAS can reduce the antibody response following vaccination, an effect it used as a reference to establish their tolerable weekly intake. These issues will be explored when addressing <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">limits, exposure and the analytical control of PFAS in food.<\/span><\/b> <\/p>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">What European regulations establish regarding PFAS<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\"> <\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">European regulations do not establish a single criterion for all PFAS, but rather different requirements depending on the substance, product and matrix. In food, they set maximum levels for certain PFAS in some categories of animal origin; in drinking water, they establish values for the sum and total of these substances; and the PPWR introduces specific limits for food packaging from 12 August 2026. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"134233117\":false,\"134233118\":false,\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":1,\"335551620\":1,\"335559685\":0,\"335559737\":0,\"335559738\":240,\"335559739\":240,\"335559740\":279}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In addition, the assessment of a broad restriction proposal under the REACH Regulation is continuing, which could affect new uses, materials and supply chains. Companies must therefore monitor the<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/ainia-news\/normativa-pfas-en-la-ue-restricciones-vigentes-y-proximos-cambios\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">development of European restrictions on PFAS<\/a> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">and adapt their controls to the products and activities affected.<\/span> <\/p>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">What companies should do to control their presence<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"134233117\":false,\"134233118\":false,\"335559738\":240,\"335559739\":240}\"> <\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Control should begin with the identification of products, raw materials, water, processes or materials that may present a higher risk. Based on this assessment, each company should define which substances to analyse, in which matrices and how frequently. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"134233117\":false,\"134233118\":false,\"335559738\":240,\"335559739\":240}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">It is also necessary to review supplier information, maintain traceability and adapt controls when formulations, raw materials, destination markets or applicable regulations change.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"134233117\":false,\"134233118\":false,\"335559738\":240,\"335559739\":240}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">How AINIA can help<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"134233117\":false,\"134233118\":false,\"335559738\":240,\"335559739\":240}\"> <\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">At AINIA, we help companies identify the risks associated with PFAS and establish controls tailored to their products, processes and markets.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"134233117\":false,\"134233118\":false,\"335559738\":240,\"335559739\":240}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Our <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/servicios-laboratorio\/diseno-ejecucion-planes-control\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">analytical control plan design and implementation service<\/a> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">makes it possible to select the relevant matrices and parameters, define the sampling strategy, interpret the results and assess compliance with legal requirements.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"134233117\":false,\"134233118\":false,\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":1,\"335551620\":1,\"335559685\":0,\"335559737\":0,\"335559738\":240,\"335559739\":240,\"335559740\":279}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"134233117\":false,\"134233118\":false,\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":1,\"335551620\":1,\"335559685\":0,\"335559737\":0,\"335559738\":240,\"335559739\":240,\"335559740\":279}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, known as PFAS, form a broad family of synthetic compounds used in industrial applications and consumer products. Their persistence and dispersion in the environment have made their presence in water and food a relevant issue for authorities and companies in the food chain. What are PFAS and why are they a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":454,"featured_media":83216,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79,80],"tags":[501,500,311,421],"tipo-documento":[],"class_list":["post-83227","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ainia-news","category-legislation","tag-food-contaminants","tag-food-regulations","tag-food-safety","tag-pfas"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What are PFAS: risks, food and European regulations<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover what PFAS are, how they enter the food chain, what risks they pose and what European regulations establish for their control.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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