{"id":188413,"date":"2026-03-02T11:30:34","date_gmt":"2026-03-02T10:30:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/?p=188413"},"modified":"2026-03-02T11:30:34","modified_gmt":"2026-03-02T10:30:34","slug":"cyanobacteria-and-microalgae-new-sources-for-the-production-of-unique-bioactive-compounds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ainia.com\/en\/ainia-news\/cyanobacteria-and-microalgae-new-sources-for-the-production-of-unique-bioactive-compounds\/","title":{"rendered":"Cyanobacteria and Microalgae: New Sources for the Production of Unique Bioactive Compounds"},"content":{"rendered":"<html><body><div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=\u201d\u201d]<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p data-start=\"112\" data-end=\"551\">The search for <strong data-start=\"127\" data-end=\"170\">natural sources of active compounds<\/strong> is one of the broadest lines of research in <strong data-start=\"227\" data-end=\"262\">basic and applied biotechnology<\/strong>. Traditionally, other microbial platforms have been the main stable sources for the production of <strong data-start=\"371\" data-end=\"396\">bioactive compounds<\/strong>. However, there is a need to explore other microorganisms with advantages in terms of <strong data-start=\"485\" data-end=\"500\">growth<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"502\" data-end=\"519\">adaptability<\/strong> and <strong data-start=\"522\" data-end=\"550\">unique chemical diversity<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2 data-start=\"553\" data-end=\"1126\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW217448953 BCX8\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW217448953 BCX8\">Cyanobacteria and\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW217448953 BCX8\">Microalgae :<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW217448953 BCX8\">\u00a0Why Focus on Phototrophic Microorganisms<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW217448953 BCX8\" data-ccp-props='{\"134233117\":false,\"134233118\":false,\"335559738\":240,\"335559739\":240}'>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"553\" data-end=\"1126\">The <strong data-start=\"608\" data-end=\"639\">microalgae and cyanobacteria<\/strong> are phototrophic organisms that possess the ability to adapt to different environments thanks to a <strong data-start=\"740\" data-end=\"769\">highly efficient metabolism<\/strong>. Derived from them, numerous compounds are produced in primary and secondary metabolism, highlighting <strong data-start=\"883\" data-end=\"894\">lipids<\/strong> (carotenoids, omega-3 and 6 fatty acids, fatty acids that can be converted into biodiesel), <strong data-start=\"997\" data-end=\"1010\">proteins<\/strong> (protein pigments, mycosporines), carbohydrates, phenolic acids, antimicrobial compounds, polyketides, etc.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1128\" data-end=\"1773\">Taken together, they possess numerous <strong data-start=\"1161\" data-end=\"1187\">bioactive capacities<\/strong> that make them highly attractive in different fields, such as <strong data-start=\"1247\" data-end=\"1263\">nutraceutical<\/strong> (supplements, functional food), <strong data-start=\"1303\" data-end=\"1316\">cosmetic<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"1318\" data-end=\"1327\">pharma<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"1329\" data-end=\"1348\">biofuels<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"1350\" data-end=\"1379\">agricultural biostimulants<\/strong>, human and animal nutrition and <strong data-start=\"1412\" data-end=\"1436\">natural colourants<\/strong>. Within this chemical range, there are bioactive compounds produced only by phototrophic microorganisms, such as <strong data-start=\"1559\" data-end=\"1580\">phycobiliproteins<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"1586\" data-end=\"1623\">omega 3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA)<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"1629\" data-end=\"1657\">sulphated polysaccharides<\/strong> and the <strong data-start=\"1664\" data-end=\"1772\">most powerful natural antioxidants that exist: astaxanthin, fucoxanthin and their metabolic precursors<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1775\" data-end=\"2302\"><strong>Sustainability and potential yet to be discovered<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1775\" data-end=\"2302\">On the other hand, their <strong data-start=\"1848\" data-end=\"1870\">rapid growth<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"1872\" data-end=\"1897\">high reproducibility<\/strong> and their ability for <strong data-start=\"1916\" data-end=\"1967\">acclimatisation to different waste streams<\/strong> as a nutrient medium make microalgae and cyanobacteria the most <strong data-start=\"2079\" data-end=\"2104\">sustainable and effective<\/strong> natural source of active compounds. Furthermore, only <strong data-start=\"2132\" data-end=\"2167\">10% of the taxonomic diversity<\/strong> of this group of microorganisms is known, which increases interest in <strong data-start=\"2248\" data-end=\"2266\">bioprospecting<\/strong> work in singular or extreme environments.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2304\" data-end=\"2826\">At AINIA we have the <strong data-start=\"2330\" data-end=\"2362\">facilities and equipment<\/strong> to cultivate numerous species of microalgae and cyanobacteria at different scales, which opens up a range of possibilities to produce <strong data-start=\"2502\" data-end=\"2527\">\u201ctailor-made\u201d biomasses<\/strong> or <strong data-start=\"2530\" data-end=\"2574\">extracts rich in compounds of interest<\/strong>. In addition, experience is enabling the cultivation of <strong data-start=\"2636\" data-end=\"2659\">non-typical species<\/strong>, a highly differentiating characteristic that would make it possible to expand the list of specific compounds from these microbial groups that have not yet been exploited or discovered.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"2828\" data-end=\"3225\"><strong data-start=\"2828\" data-end=\"2889\">Lines of work: from research to transfer<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2828\" data-end=\"3225\">Specifically, the <strong data-start=\"2926\" data-end=\"2948\">Aquatic Biomass<\/strong> line works actively on the <strong data-start=\"2980\" data-end=\"3014\">transformation and transfer<\/strong> of all this knowledge, while reinforcing, complementing and building pioneering and innovative pathways with the support of other lines. This can be translated and classified into different chemical groups of interest:<\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"3227\" data-end=\"5601\">\n<li data-start=\"3227\" data-end=\"3598\">\n<p data-start=\"3230\" data-end=\"3598\"><strong data-start=\"3230\" data-end=\"3275\">Production of photoprotective compounds:<\/strong> It is considered a backbone axis of the Aquatic Biomass line. Due to the <strong data-start=\"3357\" data-end=\"3381\">chemical versatility<\/strong> of some groups of substances, they have been studied as potential active extracts both in <strong data-start=\"3476\" data-end=\"3512\">agricultural crop protection<\/strong> and in the design of <strong data-start=\"3534\" data-end=\"3562\">cosmetic formulations<\/strong>, with very promising results.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3600\" data-end=\"4183\">\n<p data-start=\"3603\" data-end=\"4183\"><strong data-start=\"3603\" data-end=\"3671\">Production of protein pigments from cyanobacteria:<\/strong> Natural colourants such as <strong data-start=\"3698\" data-end=\"3747\">phycocyanin, phycoerythrocyanin and phycoerythrin<\/strong>. All of them are produced exclusively by cyanobacteria of the genera <em data-start=\"3821\" data-end=\"3833\">Limnospira<\/em>, <em data-start=\"3835\" data-end=\"3845\">Anabaena<\/em> and <em data-start=\"3848\" data-end=\"3856\">Nostoc<\/em>. Their natural origin is expected to replace other types of synthetic colourants in the textile or food industry. In addition, their <strong data-start=\"3987\" data-end=\"4014\">high antioxidant power<\/strong> has expanded their range of applications, enabling their use as active compounds in nutrition, cosmetics and in the treatment of certain chronic diseases.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4185\" data-end=\"4901\">\n<p data-start=\"4188\" data-end=\"4901\"><strong data-start=\"4188\" data-end=\"4266\">Production of polysaccharides, proteins, amino acids, phenolic compounds:<\/strong> Biotechnological platforms for the production of <strong data-start=\"4321\" data-end=\"4347\">alternative proteins<\/strong> are the other central axis of the Aquatic Biomass line. The <strong data-start=\"4409\" data-end=\"4439\">high protein content<\/strong> and their amino acid profile, highly balanced at a nutritional level, position microalgae as a promising source for human and animal nutrition. On the other hand, <strong data-start=\"4618\" data-end=\"4667\">extracellular and intracellular polysaccharides<\/strong> present thickening, antioxidant and bioactive properties, while <strong data-start=\"4747\" data-end=\"4771\">phenolic compounds<\/strong>, although generally present in lower concentrations, exhibit high antioxidant capacity and potential bioactivity.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4903\" data-end=\"5601\">\n<p data-start=\"4906\" data-end=\"5601\"><strong data-start=\"4906\" data-end=\"4976\">Production of apolar pigments through microalgae (eukaryotes):<\/strong> Within this section are the active compounds with the greatest diversity and applications. In turn, it is the most studied group and where the Aquatic Biomass line has the most experience. The most important are certain antioxidant pigments, such as <strong data-start=\"5239\" data-end=\"5278\">astaxanthin, beta-carotene, lutein<\/strong> and metabolic precursors such as <strong data-start=\"5310\" data-end=\"5352\">zeaxanthin, canthaxanthin and fucoxanthin<\/strong>. To this end, <strong data-start=\"5400\" data-end=\"5425\">two-stage cultivation<\/strong> strategies have been developed (biomass production stage and active compound production stage), generating high productivity yields and optimal pigment concentration per cell.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 data-start=\"5603\" data-end=\"6198\"><strong><span class=\"TextRun SCXW175310377 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" xml:lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW175310377 BCX8\">Cyanobacteria<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW175310377 BCX8\">\u00a0and\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW175310377 BCX8\">Microalgae<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW175310377 BCX8\">:\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW175310377 BCX8\">Impact<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW175310377 BCX8\">\u00a0and Next\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW175310377 BCX8\">Steps<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW175310377 BCX8\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW175310377 BCX8\">with<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW175310377 BCX8\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW175310377 BCX8\">Industry<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW175310377 BCX8\" data-ccp-props='{\"134233117\":false,\"134233118\":false,\"335559738\":240,\"335559739\":240}'>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"5603\" data-end=\"6198\">In short, from the Aquatic Biomass line we are working to <strong data-start=\"5737\" data-end=\"5798\">study, discover and implement innovative technologies<\/strong> for the production of active compounds in microalgae and cyanobacteria. Thanks to all the knowledge and experience acquired, internal collaboration pathways and <strong data-start=\"5993\" data-end=\"6049\">knowledge transfer and external collaboration pathways<\/strong> with companies and other entities are being defined. This translates into better <strong data-start=\"6110\" data-end=\"6150\">technological positioning of AINIA<\/strong> and progress in various sectors of interest.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div><\/body><\/html>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=\u201d\u201d] The search for natural sources of active compounds is one of the broadest lines of research in basic and applied biotechnology. Traditionally, other microbial platforms have been the main stable sources for the production of bioactive compounds. However, there is a need to explore other microorganisms with advantages in terms of growth, adaptability [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":900,"featured_media":176586,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1971],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-188413","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technological-innovation"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Cyanobacteria and Microalgae: Sources for the Production of Compounds<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Microalgae and cyanobacteria as sustainable sources of unique bioactive compounds: pigments, proteins, antioxidants and new biotechnological opportunities for multiple sectors\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, 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